Analysis Of Miami Dade County Public Schools - 2196 Words

Like leadership turnover in other professions, turnover rates at more challenging schools are on the higher end of that spectrum (Beteille, Kalogrides and Loeb 2011, Boyd, et al. 2008, Clark, Martorell and Rockoff 2009). For instance, large, urban districts have similar turnover rates: Miami-Dade County Public Schools (MDCPS) is 22%, Milwaukee is 20%, San Francisco 26%, and New York City is 24% (Beteille, Kalogrides and Loeb 2011, Boyd, et al. 2008, Clark, Martorell and Rockoff 2009). However, within MDCPS, the turnover rate is higher for the district’s highest-poverty schools (28%), versus lowest-poverty schools (18%) (Beteille, Kalogrides and Loeb 2011). New York City school findings were similar (Clark, Martorell and Rockoff 2009). Low-performing, low-SES schools that lose an effective principal, often struggle due to having a replacement that is less-experienced and less-effective (Beteille, Kalogrides and Loeb 2011, Branch, Hanushek and Rivkin 2012). 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Essay on The Vietnam Wars Effects on Soldiers - 1239 Words

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Digital Disruption in Banking Sector †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Digital Disruption in Banking Sector. Answer: Introduction The advancement of technology has its impact on various sectors. The application of technology is also considerable in case of banking sectors. The banks are aware of the changing of the technology and are eager to adopt the new technology in order to make the services more easily accessible to the users. It has been found out in a survey conducted by Nordea that the increase of the uses availing the online and net banking facilities has grown up to 90% in 2014 (Oshodin et al. 2017). Figure shows that the demands of the users are changing. Using technology in the banking sector has made the services like switching between banks, making payment through bank easily available to the users in a cost and time effective way. The application of the digital innovations in the banking sector has made the business more competitive both for the technological companies and the banking organization (Curley and Salmelin 2018). This study will discuss the certain impacts of digitization in the bank ing sectors in order to do this, the impacts of the digital disruption in a particular bank is evaluated (Arnold and Jeffery 2016). The comparison of the situation before the digital disruption in the bank and the situation after the digital disruption in the bank is done in order to make the recommendation and conclusion. In order to carry out the analysis more effectively, the work centered analysis is done on the particular bank. The challenges and the advantages that the bank can phase due to the digital innovation is also discussed in this study. The innovations of technologies and their implementation on the banking sectors are bringing the significant change in the service systems of the banks. The use of technology in different sections of service such as making payment and other bank account related services has made the baking easier for the consumers (Lee 2015). These type services are known as net banking or e-services provided by the bank. These services are cost effective in nature, for both the consumer and the banking organization. Using technology is also making the service to be served accurately and taking the small time span. Work centered analysis: There are six fundamental elements in the work process analysis. Customer Product Business Process Participants Information Technology Work centered analysis of the bank before the digital disruption: Customer: Customers used to withdraw or deposit the money to the bank account. The process is done manually. The customer had to go to the bank and had to fulfill certain formalities for these services. Product: The bank checks all the fields in the forms submitted by the customers and proceed according to the requirements of the consumers. The consumer can get the services after the verification and transaction process. Business Process: Major activities of the bank: Handling and managing the consumers account. Doing the transaction. Deposition of cash. Update the balance of the account. Closing of the customers account. Printing of confirmation. Opening the new bank account for the new customer. Participants: The participants in the whole business process are the customers of the bank and the employees of the bank. The services were demanded by the consumers and the employees did the proceeding according to the demand of the customer (Ibegbulem and Andersson 2017). The whole process did not stand in the absence of any one participant. Information: During the course of the business process, exchanging of information did happen in a large scale. The information is sensitive in nature ads it holds the personal details along with the account information of the consumers. Technology used by the bank: There was little use of technology in the process. The requests for services, made by the customers were initially processed by the bank employees in a manual way. The use of technology did used for doing certain things like maintaining the record of the accounts of the consumer along with the customer database, checking the amount of balance in particular account and counting the currency (Walker 2014). The storage was mainly server based storage. Retrospective analysis of the banking system before the digital disruption: The banking system before the digital disruption was heavily based on the manpower. The processing of the forms submitted by the consumers for availing the service was processed manually by the employees of the bank. There was a chance that a mistake may occur during the course of verification. It has been found that such mistakes did happen and it had a large impact on both the account holder and the bank. The processing was based on the manpower, so, it used to take much time to process. Thee consumers had to go to the bank for availing the service, which could sometimes become impossible for them (Dermine 2017). The whole system was doing well but there were lots of scope for the improvement of the banking system (Tornjanski et al. 2015). At that time the main challenge for the bank was to introduce a error free service to the consumers and easy detection of the frauds. Customers: The customers deposit, withdrawals the money from the bank. The consumers can avail these services after going to the bank or they can avail the service through the internet. All services are available through internet, so that the consumers of the bank can avail services without going to the bank. Products: The products or the services are made available in both online and offline mode. In case of the offline service the consumer has to go to the bank and avail the services in conventional way. In order to avail the services online, the consumer has to access the portal of the bank through internet. The user has to give the right information including the bank account number and the user id number in the portal to avail the services (Bughin 2017). The bank has implemented another way for withdrawal of the cash. The money can be drawn using the ATM of the bank, for that the user needs to have a ATM card and confidential and secured PIN number. The bank has created a dedicated portal where the user can login using their user id and can access all the services of the bank (Agrawal 2017). The portal is connected to the server of the bank. The user activity can be monitored by the bank officials. However, getting the online facility, the consumer needs to go through some paper work for one time. In case of offline process, the user has to go to the bank and has to do formal enquiry regarding the services and fill up the forms accordingly. The employees of the bank then process those request manually. Information: The information used in this system are confidential as , it holds the information regarding the customers and their account numbers. In case of online banking and the use of ATM the user id and the Pin of individual user is important. Technology: The bank has implemented different advanced technology to initiate the online banking. The bank has taken a policy to migrate the storage system partially to the cloud. This will help to save the cost and the will provide better storage system (Omarini 2017). The bank has also implemented the ATM system where, the ATM server is connected with the bank and the transactions made through the ATM will be observed by the bank. Analysis of the new process after the digital disruption: The banks have seen certain advantages after the implementation of new technology. Customer satisfaction: The customers are satisfied with the banking experience. They can avail service through online banking which saves their time and makes their banking experience better. Moreover, from the ATM they can withdrawals the money during any time of the day. Cost effectiveness and better use of resources: The use of the technology in the banking sector enables the fair use of resources and the online banking helps to reduce the cost overhead. It indirectly helps in the growth of the business of the bank. Better security: The adaptation of the technology in the banking system reduces the risk of mistakes those could be happen in case of manual processing (Hunter, dela and Dole 2016). The works can be done in a small time span using the technologies. Transparency in the process: The use of the technology has made the whole banking system clear and transparent. Availability of service: The technology has made the banking system available for 24*7 hours. The consumers can avail services through internet at any time of the day. There are certain advantages of the digital disruption have been concluded from the discussion. However, it can be assumed that the banking system has partially adopted the use of technology. In order for the full digitization of the banking system certain steps are needed to be taken care of. This are- The awareness regarding the online banking among the consumers. The security system of the transactions through online is needed to be improved. The bank should think to migrate the data fully to the cloud. The bank can recruit a team of dedicated IT experts to maintain the whole system. The migration of data to cloud can be done after taking advice to the cloud security experts. They can ensure the implementation of the whole system along with maintaining the security. The awareness among the uses can be done through providing the guidelines among the users. In order to implement the fully digitized system the company can take advice of the external consultants. Conclusion It can be concluded from the paper that the digital disruptions in the banking system can be helpful for improvisation of the services. In order to develop the proper implementation of the digitization of the banking system, the work centered analysis of the current infrastructure is needed to be done. This analysis can help to understand the different components of the existing system. The work centered analysis of the infrastructure after the digital disruption is done in order to know the improvement. For further improvement, the recommendations are made. It can be said proper implementation of digitization will deliver positive result in this sector. References Agrawal, R., 2017. Disruption in Banking in Emerging Market Economy: An Empirical Study of India.Economic Analysis,50(3-4), pp.20-31. Arnold, D. and Jeffery, P., 2016. 5 The digital disruption of banking and payment services.Research Handbook on Digital Transformations, p.103. Bughin, J., 2017. The best response to digital disruption.MIT Sloan Management Review,58(4). Curley, M. and Salmelin, B., 2018. Digital Disruption. InOpen Innovation 2.0(pp. 15-25). Springer, Cham. Dermine, J., 2017. Digital Disruption and Bank Lending.European Economy, (2), pp.63-76. Hunter, S., dela Cruz, V. and Dole, D., 2016. Financial Inclusion in the Digital Age. Ibegbulem, A. and Andersson, G., 2017. Managing Customer Loyalty in the Digital Era of the Banking Industry. Lee, D.K.C., 2015. On the edge of disruption. Omarini, A., 2017. The Digital Transformation in Banking and The Role of FinTechs in the New Financial Intermediation Scenario.internationl journal of trade, economics, and finance,1(1), pp.1-6. Oshodin, O., Molla, A., Karanasios, S. and Ong, C.E., 2017. Is FinTech a Disruption or a New Eco-system? An Exploratory Investigation of Banksr Response to FinTech in Australia. InProceeding of Australasian Conference on Information Systems(pp. 1-11). Tornjanski, V., Marinkovi?, S., S?voiu, G. and ?udanov, M., 2015. A Need for Research Focus Shift: Banking Industry in the Age of Digital Disruption.Econophysics, Sociophysics Other Multidisciplinary Sciences Journal (ESMSJ),5(3), pp.11-15. Walker, A., 2014. Banking without banks: Exploring the disruptive effects of converging technologies that will shape the future of banking.Journal of Securities Operations Custody,7(1), pp.69-80.

Invisible Man--Ralph Ellison Essays - Invisibility In Fiction

Invisible Man--Ralph Ellison INVISIBLE MAN- Ellison I. Synopsis A. ?Invisible Man? is about a black man and his struggles until he eventually becomes ?invisible' to society 1. Youth-given a chance for an education 2. New York- finding a job and joining the Brotherhood 3. Becoming invisible B. Characters 1. Ellison a. never describes himself b. well educated, tries to become white 2. Mr. Norten- rich man, says Ellison is his ?destiny' 3. Dr. Bedlose- head of the University, kicks Ellsion out 4. The Brothers- Brother Clifton C. Major issues in the book are the ways that Ellsion's character oppresses himself rather than other people doing to for him II. Novel is a primary example of the hesitance of the blacks to feel confident in American society A. Author wrote book to confuse me- had to read pages many times- didn't describe people or places, just things- didn't read in to he nuances B. Book will help me when we start to study the Black movement because it shows where the begingings started C. Ellison's Character ?speaks? while being invisible, pg 576-581 III. Had and impact on the way I look at my place in society A. Think of it not like a ?black novel? but as one big analogy B. Every one is an ?invisible man' in one way In Invisible Man, Ralph Ellison's narrator recalls to us how he became ?invisible' to the world. Since the name of the narrator is never known I wlll refer to him as Brother X. The novel opens with Brother X describing what it is like to be invisible: ?I am an invisible man. No, I am not a spook like those who haunted Edger Allen Poe...I am a man of substance, of flesh and bone, fiber and liquids00and I might even go said to possess a mind. I am invisible, understand, simply because people refuse to see me..That invisibility of which I refer to occurs because of a peculiar disposition of the eyes of those with whom I come in contact. ... those eyes with which they look through their physical eyes upon reality... In the introduction, Brother X shares with us the advantages of his being invisible; he also explains to us that he lives in a ?pit' that is damp and dark, yet full of light. Living in this pit makes him realize that he is black and blue. ?I was born black, but what did I do to become blue? Bear with me.? During the first couple chapters of the book, Brother X tells us about his education. He attended a prestigious collage in the South and was a top student. While at the University, he met a prominent white man named Mr. Nortan. He was Mr. Nortan's driver during his stay. Although we only hear about Mr. Nortan for a few chapters, and he doesn't show up again until the end of the book, he plays a very important role. He said that he didn't have a destiny, that Brother X and others like him were is destiny. Brother X often refers to being Mr. Nortan's destiny for the rest of the book. After a violation of the rules, Brother X is kicked out of school. Thinking he will be able to return next term, he heads off to New York to find a job. He has with him references from Dr. Bedlose, the dean who kicked him out. He was told not to open the letters, but after not hearing back from any of the jobs, he opens one. The letter explained to the potential employers that Brother X had been expelled from the University and it would not be wise to employ him. After several blue collar jobs, Brother X ends up giving and impromptu speech at an eviction and catching the attention of several leaders in the Brotherhood movement. He is employed by the Brotherhood and given a new ID, which we never learn. The Brotherhood was an organization in Harlem that focused on unity through peace. Brother X finds himself giving speeches all over Harlem and invading the territory of Ras, the Exhorter's group of black Nationalists. After a while with the Brotherhood, the Youth leader, Brother Clifton disappears. The Brotherhood movement starts to lose its force and they start to talk of shutting down. One day, while Brother X

Meningiococcal Disease essays

Meningiococcal Disease essays Meningiococcal disease is a worldwide killer that can be described as the combination of both meningitis and septicemia. It is caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Meningiococcal disease can come in many forms and usually produces an array of subtle symptoms that quickly progress until it creates a life-or-death situation. Luckily there are vaccines for almost all of the strains known to mankind and epidemics are very rare. The two key aspects of Meningiococcal disease are meningitis and septicemia. Meningitis is a condition that occurs when invading organisms leave the blood stream that they have entered the body through, break through the blood-brain barrier, and infect the meninges that cover the brain and spinal cord. These foreign invaders release toxins that cause the membranes to become inflamed. Eventually this inflammation leads to coma, and possibly death. On the other hand, septicemia occurs when the invading organisms stay in the bloodstream and begin to multiply rapidly. When they release their toxins, the walls of the blood vessels break down and blood begins to leak into surrounding tissues. This will eventually lead to a chain of deadly events, including the failure of the circulatory system, shock, organ destruction, and death. Researchers have recently discovered that there are two key proteins, thrombomodulin and endothelial Protein C receptor, that are lost during septicemia. These two proteins are in charge of activating the Protein C complex that inhibits the clotting of blood and the loss of this critical protein results in the widespread clotting that occurs during septicemia (Blood Weekly). Most of the time when one is affected by meningitis, one is also affected by septicemia, therefore creating meningiococcal disease but on the other hand, septicemia is frequently present without symptoms of meningitis (and is usually more deadly in this form). As menti...

Writing an Exemplary Statement Of Purpose

Writing an Exemplary Statement Of Purpose When applying to college, many students are asked to submit a statement of purpose. Similar to the personal statement essay, the statement of purpose is a two page composition that students must write and submit with their application form. Statements of purpose allow students to demonstrate their writing abilities and give admission board members the chance to get to know their applicants. The reason that statements of purpose are so important in the application process is because they represent the factor over which students have complete and immediate control. Lets say, for instance, that your test scores and/or grades arent that exemplary. Obviously, you cannot go back and change your academic history. What you can do, however, is draw the admission councils attention away from your below average grades with an above average statement of purpose. The statement of purpose is your one and only chance to speak directly to the university admissions board members and convince them that you are an excellent candidate for their school. When writing your statement essay, make sure that your voice is heard loud and clear. Be passionate, be enthusiastic, be reasonable, and above all be creative. Statements of purpose are some of the most complicated papers to write. If you would like help writing your statement essay or if you would like some tips on how to compose quality college admission essays, please dont hesitate to contact me. As someone who has written several statements of purpose for a variety of different schools, I believe that I am more than qualified to assist you.

Heart of Darkness- Author Joseph Conrad Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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Statement of Objectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Statement of Objectives - Essay Example I have developed my capabilities more by taking participation in research projects, also have job experience working as teaching assistance. I have been planning a career in computer science for several years, but as an undergraduate I determined on getting a powerful and solid background in mathematics and science. During graduation, I have done an employment as a Software Development Engineer and Test Control System to allow myself time to thoroughly think through my plans and to expose myself to a multiplicity of work situations. I have also experience of teaching at University of South Carolina Aiken as a Teaching Assistant (TA). These experiences have shaped my personality, gave me more confidence to handle the critical situation and face the audience in a better way. This approach has been very helpful to me in rounding out my career plans. These experiences have polished my research abilities and produced the ability of critical thing inside me. This job and research experiences have provided me different way of reasoning a problem and I have got a lot of techniques to handle, manage, elaborate research related pr oblem. I have firsthand experience with computers in a wide array of Programmed GPS units; designing web pages; maintaining servers and networking. It has motivated me to think about ways in which I can utilize my control system program knowledge for scientific research. I have participated in many research projects during my studies like I have participated in research for the Control system for hydrogen Center at Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL)-department of energy, another research project in which I have participated is: Weighted Vertex Degrees, Eigenvalues, and Laplacian Eigenvalues at university of south carolina aiken. These are the real accomplishments that I have ever made in the field of computer science. My researched projects

Presidential and Parliamentary Systems of Government Essay Example for Free

Presidential and Parliamentary Systems of Government Essay Introduction and Main Distinguishing Features of Both Systems: A presidential system of government is one in which there is a head of government, i.e. the executive branch, who is separate from the legislature and is not accountable to it. Generally, the legislature does not hold power to dismiss the executive. This system can be traced back to the monarchal system in the medieval ages which countries such as France, England and Scotland followed where the Crown held all executive powers and not the parliament. When the office of the President of the United States was created, this system of separate powers of the executive and legislature was replicated in the U.S. Constitution. In contrast, a parliamentary system is different from the above because its executive branch of government needs the direct or indirect backing of the parliament to stay in power, which is generally expressed through a vote of confidence. However, the mechanism of checks and balances is different from one found in a presidential republic because there is no distinct separation of powers between the legislature and the executive. In parliamentary systems, the head of government and the head of state are distinct entities, where the former is the prime minister and the latter is an elected president or a hereditary monarch. The U.K. follows a parliamentary form of government, where the prime minister and the cabinet govern using their executive power on a daily basis, but actual authority is held with the head of state.[1] In distinguishing between presidential and parliamentary systems, three points must be considered. First, in a presidential system the head of government (the president) is elected for a fixed term and will serve this unless there is the unusual and exceptional process of impeachment, whereas in a parliamentary system the head of government (prime minister or equivalent) is dependent on the confidence of the legislature and thus can be removed (along with the whole government) by a motion of no-confidence. Second, in a presidential system the head of government (the president) is popularly elected, if not literally directly by the voters then by an electoral college popularly elected expressly for this purpose, whereas in a parliamentary system the head of government (prime minister or equivalent) is selected by the legislature. Third, in a presidential system there is effectively a one-person non-collegial executive, whereas in a parliamentary system the executive (i.e., the cabinet) is collective or collegial.[2] For his part, Sartori like Lijphart, makes three basic points in that ‘a political system is presidential if, and only if, the head of state (president) i) results from popular election, ii) during his or her pre-established tenure cannot be discharged by a parliamentary vote, and iii) heads or otherwise directs the governments that he or she appoints’. There are two distinctions between Lijphart and Sartori worth noting here. First of all, Lijphart refers to the president as the head of government whereas Sartori refers to him or her as the head of state. Second and related, Sartori conceives of the government as being broader than the individual president. As such, Sartori rejects as too narrow the notion ‘that the head of state must also be the head of government’ in favor of a looser notion that authority flows from the president down – perhaps via a separate head of government.[3] Mainwaring attributes two distinguishing features to a presidential democracy. First, the head of government is elected independently of the legislature in the sense that legislative elections and post-election negotiations do not determine executive power. In countries where the chief executive is selected by the legislature, not as a second alternative when the popular vote does not produce a clear winner but as the fundamental process, the system is either parliamentary (the vast majority of cases) or a hybrid (as in Switzerland). Post-election negotiations that determine which parties will govern and which will head the government are crucial in many parliamentary regimes, but they are not part of the selection process of chief executives in presidential systems. The chief executive in a presidential democracy is usually elected by popular vote, although some countries, notably the United States, have an electoral college rather than direct popular elections. Even so, in the United States, the popular vote has a virtually binding effect on Electoral College votes. In other presidential systems, including those in Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile (before 1973), the congress votes for a president if there is no absolute majority in the popular vote. Yet the popular vote is the first criterion, and in Argentina and Chile, tradition has dictated that congress will select the candidate with the most popular votes. Note that it must be the head of government-not simply the president-who is elected by popular vote or an electoral college. In Austria, Iceland, and Ireland, the president is elected by direct popular vote but has only minor powers and is therefore not the head of government.[4] The second distinguishing feature of presidential democracies is that the president is elected for a fixed period of time. Most presidential democracies allow for impeachment, but this practice is rare and does not substantially affect the definition because of its extraordinary character. The president cannot be forced to resign because of a no-confidence vote by the legislature, and consequently, the president is not formally accountable to congress. In a parliamentary system, in contrast, the head of government is elected by the legislature and subsequently depends on the ongoing confidence of the legislature to remain in office; thus the time period is not fixed.[5] Implications for Policy Making and Democracy: Whether a regime is parliamentary or presidential has a major impact on significant aspects of political life: how executive power is formed, relationships between the legislative and the executive branches, relationships between the executive and the political parties, the nature of the political parties, what happens when the executive loses support, and arguably even prospects for stable democracy and patterns of domination. The proponents of presidential claim that presidential systems claim that such systems ensure that the presidents power is a legitimate one because the president if, in most cases, elected directly by the people. The United States follows a different system in which the president is elected by an electoral college but is still considered to be popularly elected. Parliamentary executives can not claim to be elected via a direct vote of the people. Separation of powers is another benefit which the presidential system provides because it established the executive branch and the legislative as two distinct structures which allows each body to supervise and oversee the other and prevents abuse of the system. In a parliamentary system, the executive is not separate from the legislature, reducing the chances of criticism or scrutiny, unless a formal condemnation in the form of a vote of no confidence takes place. Hence, in a parliamentary system, a prime ministers unethical deeds or instances of misconduct might never be discovered as Woodrow Wyatt (former British Member of Parliament) said while writing about the famous Watergate scandals during the presidency of Richard Nixon, dont think a Watergate couldnt happen here, you just wouldnt hear about it.[6] In a parliamentary system, even though the option of a vote of no confidence is available, it is an option resorted to only in extreme cases. It is considered extremely difficult to influence or stop a prime minister or cabinet who has already decided to pass legislation or implement measures. Voting against important legislation is tantamount to a vote of no confidence, as a consequence of which the government is changed after holding of elections. This is a very tedious process because of which it is a rare occurrence in some parliamentary countries. Britain for example has only rarely undergone such a situation. Therefore, it is often believed that in a parliamentary system, because of the lack of separation of powers, the Parliament can not actually exercise any real control over the executive. However, there can be a downside to separation of powers. Presidential systems can lead to a situations where the President and Congress both evade blame by passing it to the other. In the words of former Treasury Secretary C. Douglas Dillon as he described the United States, The president blames Congress, the Congress blames the president, and the public remains confused and disgusted with government in Washington.[7] Woodrow Wilson agreed in his thesis, Congressional Government in the United States, as he said, †¦how is the schoolmaster, the nation, to know which boy needs the whipping? . . . Power and strict accountability for its use are the essential constituents of good government. . . . It is, therefore, manifestly a radical defect in our federal system that it parcels out power and confuses responsibility as it does. The main purpose of the Convention of 1787 seems to have been to accomplish this grievous mistake. The `literary theory of checks and balances is simply a consistent account of what our constitution makers tried to do; and those checks and balances have proved mischievous just to the extent which they have succeeded in establishing themselves . . . [the Framers] would be the first to admit that the only fruit of dividing power had been to make it irresponsible.[8] Separation of Powers has mixed implications. It can lead to gridlock, i.e. when it becomes next to impossible to pass items on the partys agenda because the legislature is almost equally divided, usually an occurrence in the U.S. when the Senate and House of Representatives are dominated by opposing parties. However, the upside to gridlock is that it often prevents radical policy changes. Another problem with the presidential system is that while it is inherently stable because the president is elected for a fixed term, this also compounds the issue of the presidency being a zero-sum game, where winner takes all. As Linz (1990, 56) states, The danger that zero-sum presidential elections pose is compounded by the rigidity of the presidents fixed term in office. Winners and losers are sharply defined for the entire period of the presidential mandate†¦losers must wait four or five years without any access to executive power and patronage. The zero-sum game in presidential regimes raises the stakes of presidential elections and inevitably exacerbates their attendant tension and polarization. Parliamentary elections can also lead to one party winning an absolute majority, in most scenarios a number of parties gain representation through these elections. Power is often shared and coalitions are formed, as a consequence of which the position holders give due weight to the needs and interests of smaller parties. In turn, these parties expect a certain share in power and as is obvious, are stakeholders in the overall system, instead of non-entities. Now if, as is the case in presidential systems, one sole person believes that he has independent authority and a popular mandate, he might start to develop a tendency towards authoritarianism. When he develops such notions about his standing and role, he will not react appropriately to the inevitable opposition to his policies, finding it annoying and unsettling, as would a prime minister who considers himself a mere representative of a temporary governing coalition and not the sole voice of the nation. Hence the examples of Venezuela and Colombia, where when democracy was reestablished in times of great political instability, and when the written constitutions warranted a presidential government, the leaders of chief political parties opted for consociational agreements whereby the rigid, winner-take-all consequences of presidential elections were softened.[9] While stability is often touted as one of the prime advantages of the presidential system, it is simply another word for rigidity. On the other hand, parliamentarism lends a certain element of flexibility to the political process. Advocates of presidentialism might reply that this rigidity is actually a plus because it prevents the uncertainty and instability so definitive of parliamentary politics. Under parliamentary government, after all, a number of entities, even rank-and-file legislators, can choose to adopt basic changes, cause realignments and shifts, and, most importantly, make or break prime ministers. But it must be remembered that while the need for authority and predictability might serve as justifications for presidentialism, there can be a myriad of unexpected developments- anything from the death of the incumbent to serious errors in judgment committed under the pressure of adverse political circumstances – that often lead to the presidential rule being less predictable and often weaker than that of a prime minister. The latter can always make efforts to bolster up his legitimacy and authority, be it through a vote of confidence or the dissolution of parliament and the consequential new elections. Also, a prime minister can be changed without it necessarily leading to a major regime crisis.[10] Conclusion: The above analysis has largely favored a parliamentary system over a presidential one. However, one must remember that success regimes, regardless of the amount of thought and care gone into their design, are determined by the extent of support they manage to arrest from society at large, its major forces, groups and institution. Public consensus therefore is a basic need, which confers legitimacy to the authority of the regime, and this is achieved only by the power which is attained lawfully and in a democratic fashion. Regimes also depend to a large extent on the ability and aptitude of their leaders to govern, to arouse trust and to respect the boundaries of the power they hold. Every country has unique aspects that one must take into account-traditions of federalism, ethnic or cultural heterogeneity, and so on. Both systems have their pros and cons, even parliamentary systems can suffer grave crises. Hence, countries must consider their own individual past, present and future, in order to determine which system has the greater probability of success. References Hardin, Charles. 1989. A Challenge to Political Science. PS: Political Science and Politics 22(3): 595-600. Lijphart, Arend, ed. 1992. Introduction in A. Lijphart (ed.), Parliamentary versus presidential government. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Linz, Juan. 1990. The Perils of Presidentialism. Journal of Democracy (Winter): 51-69. Mainwaring, Scott and Shugart, Matthew. 1997. Juan Linz, Presidentialism, and Democracy: A Critical Appraisal. Comparative Politics 29(4): 449-471. Mainwaring, Scott. 1990. Presidentialism in Latin America. Latin American Research Review 25(1):157-179. Sartori, Giovanni. 1994. Neither presidentialism nor parliamentarism, in J.J. Linz A. Valenzuela (eds.), The failure of presidential democracy, vol. 1: Comparative perspectives. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. Thomas, Jo. Oct. 9 1988. The fate of two nations. The New York Times. Wilson, Woodrow. 1886. Congressional Government: A Study in American Politics. The New Englander 45(192). [1] Mainwaring, Scott and Shugart, Matthew. 1997. Juan Linz, Presidentialism, and Democracy: A Critical Appraisal. Comparative Politics 29(4): 449-471. [2] Lijphart, Arend, ed. 1992. Introduction in A. Lijphart (ed.), Parliamentary versus presidential government. Oxford: Oxford University Press. [3] Sartori, Giovanni. 1994. Neither presidentialism nor parliamentarism, in J.J. Linz A. Valenzuela (eds.), The failure of presidential democracy, vol. 1: Comparative perspectives. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. [4] Mainwaring, Scott. 1990. Presidentialism in Latin America. Latin American Research Review 25(1):157-179. [5] Linz, Juan. 1990. The Perils of Presidentialism. Journal of Democracy (Winter): 51-69 [6] Thomas, Jo. Oct. 9 1988. The fate of two nations. The New York Times. [7] Hardin, Charles. 1989. A Challenge to Political Science. PS: Political Science and Politics 22(3): 595-600. [8] Wilson, Woodrow. 1886. Congressional Government: A Study in American Politics. The New Englander 45(192). [9] Linz, Juan. 1990. [10]   Linz, Juan. 1990.

Collegiate Sports Essay -- NCAA

Weston (2006) provided a more focused approach in describing the value of foreign signings in collegiate competition. However, instead of focusing on the financial gains associated with sustained success in division 1 competition, Weston discussed the benefits of international recruitment to collegiate sports as a whole to promote globalization and integration in collegiate sports. The term international student-athletes was used by Weston in referring to any foreign born student recruited by a university to play a specific sport in exchange for a college scholarship. In order to gauge the benefits of international recruitment, Weston asserts that a review of pertinent factors must be made. Factors stated by by Weston in her study includes the current standards of the NCAA, the effects of these signings to the educational opportunities and playing environment for local student-athletes and the American perception of internationalization of college sports (Weston, 2006). The primary benefit of international recruitment is the improvement of an already celebrated phenomenon in the United States. Globalization in collegiate sports through migration and movement of foreign athletes is generally beneficial for all institutions (Weston, 2006). The presence of these international athletes provide diversity that enriches the whole educational and sporting experience in inter-collegiate sports, fostering a sense of brotherhood, international relations, and cultural integration that Weston believes would improve the political and social awareness of students that are not only limited in the realm of sports competition. The increased number of available talent increases the quality of competition, resulting into the improvement of the sp... ...es present for local students to have success in their respective sports. Abbey-Pinegar asserted that the enforcement of discernible rules and regulations would help improve and standardized the system of international recruitment, allowing more schools to experience its benefits rather then only a few. Abbey-Pinegar concluded that international signings of foreign student-athletes would continue for the desire of many schools is to create a winning team for the success of their sports programs. Creating policies and standards that enforce regulation and standardization of international recruitment can help create a level playing field for schools in the different NCAA divisions. Furthermore, the creation of such regulations can help alter the focus of many towards the benefits that international recruitment brings to the students rather than the institution.

HP Case study analysis Essay

Hewlett Packard Company was founded in 1939 by Bill Hewlett and Dave Packard. The company was incorporated in 1947 and became a public company in 1957. HP is based in the United States and has its headquarters located in Palo Alto, California. The company has specialized in the development and manufacture of personal computers, computer peripherals, software and hardware. The main products are personal computer hardware, data storage appliances and other related devices. HP markets its products to individual customers as well as corporate customers. The company has adopted both direct and online marketing strategies for its products in the global markets. Since its establishment, the company has encountered stiff competition from other companies in the global markets. In the last one decade, the company has adopted several strategies to improve performance and create sustainable market position in the global scene. The merger with Compaq was established with an aim of improving the global position of the company as well as adopting better technologies (Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L. P. 2010). HP has adopted various strategies to improve its market share in the global scene. Adoption of modern technology has been a major success factor in the efforts to come up with differentiated products. There has been stiff competition in the market leading to decline in the market share for the company. The management has made tremendous change to ensure its brands are acceptable in many markets all over the world (Harris, 2007). External Environment Technology in the personal computing industry has been very innovative and this has been adopted by HP to manufacture competitive products. A team of researchers has been hired to carry out innovative products. The company has a good system which integrates cultural diversity by working with different personnel and customers. The culture of the company is compatible with different national cultures as well as diversified social systems. HP employs people from different cultures to work in regions where they understand the cultural practices. Few cultural conflicts have been experienced at the company. The political climate has been very good in the regions where the company has its operations. Global economic crisis of the 2007/2008 affected the performance of the company since the sales volume reduced by a great margin. The company is recovering from the shock of the economic crisis and profits have been recorded in the recent past (Malone, 2007). Industry Analysis (Porter’s Framework) Bargaining power of buyers There is no single influential buyer in the industry. There are many buyers in the market this does not provide any single buyer a strong bargaining power. Since the company markets its products to both corporate and individual customers, there are a diversified number of customers and in case one customer fails, there are others to support the company (Banna, 2008). Bargaining power of suppliers Suppliers to the company are many and there is no single supplier with monopoly of providing materials to the company. This provides the company with enough control over its suppliers since prices for products are reduced. There is no dominant supplier in the market and the company has adequate control over the pricing strategies adopted by the suppliers (Banna, 2008). Rivalry among competitors Stiff competition in the industry has resulted to rivalry among competing firms. Each company has differentiated its products to attract as many customers as possible. Use of modern technologies to develop market oriented products has been a common practice at the company and this has enabled the management to come up with better products. Rivalry among competitors in the market has resulted into price wars where companies are introducing different pricing strategies for their products (Banna, 2008). Threat of potential entry of new companies There is no regulation on entry of new companies in the industry and this has resulted into many companies entering the market. This has resulted into stiff competition for the available opportunities in the market. There are no barriers of entry to the industry and this has provided better opportunities for new investors to establish themselves in the market. The technology used in the industry is not restrictive and new companies can access ideas and knowledge about production of similar products. High profits made by existing companies in the industry have attracted more potential companies to invest in the industry. In addition, there are no barriers for excess capacity to exit the industry. The potential profits in the industry have made the large number of competitors fail to exit the market and this has resulted into price wars (Banna, 2008). Threat of substitute products Threat for substitute products has been great since there are different products which can be substituted for the HP product range. There are no barriers to introducing substitute products and companies are free to come up with better alternative products in the industry. There are many substitute products in the industry and this has intensified the level of competition (Banna, 2008). Critical Success Factors (CSFs) HP has a strong brand image in the global market. The computing industry has recognized that HP has developed better strategies of promoting its brand image. Brand management has been successfully been done by creating innovative technologies which provide better market position to the company. The quality of the products manufactured by the company is high and this has provided better opportunities to compete successfully in the global market. As the company maintains a high quality profile for its products, it has also managed to increase the volume of output from its production systems. The company has adopted mass production and this provides economies of scale. As the volume of production increases; the cost of production decreases. The company has established strong systems of governance to manage its resources effectively. Project management strategies have been adopted to maintain high technology levels in the company. IT systems of the company have been developed to compete successfully with substitute products in the market. A strong team of research has been established to carry out market surveys for developing products which will provide a large market share in the current market situation and in the future (Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L. P. 2010).

This dead Butcher… is this a fair assumption of Macbeth?

I believe that Macbeth s not a dead butcher as you do see him have a sign of guilt when he murders characters in the book. Although he is a very ambitions man resulting in consequences both for him and people around him. In the play you see Macbeth influenced and persuaded by super-natural forces, like the three witches which you see at the beginning of the book. This brings out the ambition in him and slowly turns him into a power ridden man. But at the end he turns into the loyal soldier he was at the beginning of the book, before he meets the witches. In the first act you see the loyal soldier, Macbeth meet the three witches just after over powering the Thane of Cawdor's army. This suddenly brings out the ambition in him as they say he will eventually become King. It says, â€Å"All hail, Macbeth! That shalt be King here after†. Read this â€Å"The Secrets of Haiti’s Living Dead† Through the act in the book the readers view of Macbeth changes completely. The character who entered the stage at the beginning is, in the eyes of the audience, completely different person from the character at the end of the first act. He transforms from a good man, a loyal soldier honest to one who is prepared to kill to be king. Even before Macbeth himself appears on stage, he is discussed as a good man by the king and the king's eldest son ‘Malcolm'. They speak of Macbeth as a great soldier after his recent success in the battlefield, while in the service of the King. The King then talks to Macbeth and tells him how the Thane of Cawdor was a loyal friend to him. It is a bit ironic as you see that Macbeth becomes Thane of Cawdor and then stabbed in the back by him. After this you see his ambitious side come out as he writes a letter to his wife saying he will be King. This brings the woman's evil side out as she tries to take all the good in her and replace it with evil as she says, â€Å"unsex me here, and fill me from head to the toe top-full of direst cruelty.† After this the King says he will have dinner at Macbeths house which seems strange as it give them the perfect time to kill the King making a step closer to being King. That night they plan out to ill the King which they do but you see Macbeth arguing about not wanting to kill him. It says, â€Å"First, as I am his kinsman and his subject.† This means that he is my king and my guest and shouldn't kill him. Macbeth mucks the plan up though as he feels very guilty for what he has done. Fortunately his wife manages to make it seem that it was the guards fault as she had drugged them. Kind Duncan's two children Donaldbain and Lennox are very curious about this and flee to England and Wales. Further on in the play he becomes more ambitious and wants to make sure he stays King doing anything to stay there. To this he knew he had to kill his loyal friend Banquo as when he met the witches they said he would be a farther to a line of Kings. So while he was at a party he hired murderers to kill him and his son for him so he would be king. The murders were unable to kill Banquo's son but killed him. Later at the party Macbeth saw the ghost of Banquo at the party here he should have been sitting. No one else could see it as he was the only one that knew what had happened to him. The ghost is a sign of his guiltiness showing that he isn't a bad man after all. By this point Macbeth's wife died because the evilness inside her gets the better of her. At the end of the play Macduff, one of King Duncan's followers, has got an army together to try and gain power of the crown once again as he had enough of Macbeths evil ways. To the reader you see Macbeth turn back into the soldier he once was at the beginning of the book, ready to fight like a true and loyal soldier would. He fights Macduff who said just surrender but Macbeth says no I wish to fight you like a true soldier. Overall I believe that Macbeth is not a dead butcher as at the beginning at ending of the book he is a good and loyal soldier but ambition does get the better of him in the middle where he does want to become king. Not just down to him but his wife aswell. When he does kill people like the King and his loyal friend Banquo he always argues a case on why he should not kill them and then after he feel guilty for killing them by messing up plans or even seeing a ghost.

Sir Robert Peel Paper Essays

Sir Robert Peel Paper Essays Sir Robert Peel Paper Essay Sir Robert Peel Paper Essay Essay Topic: Watchmen The job of a police officer is very difficult, it has evolved from just an ordinary individual with no experience and no uniform that kept watch of live stock by walking at night with fire torches to an individual that needs to be able to function under pressure patrolling the streets of our communities in uniforms with a marked vehicle and not to mention to receive income for their services. Police has evolved overtime; in this paper I will describe the impact of Sir Robert Peel on the evolution of policing and its history. Sir Robert Peel Paper Sir Robert Peel (1788-1850) updated Englands criminal code. He established the first modern police force in London, whose members were nicknamed after him bobbies. Sir Robert Peel wanted a police force that would provide citizens with â€Å"the full and complete protection of the law†andâ€Å"check the increase of crime. † Sir Robert Peel pushed through the legislation an act called the Metropolitan Police Act of 1829, thus able to accomplish his dream of creating a police force. Under the term of the Metropolitan Act of 1829 the London Metropolitan Police was formed, it was one thousand members strong and all members were easily recognized due to their uniforms that included blue coats and top hats. Sir Robert Peel’s â€Å"bobbies† had four specific operating philosophies; the first one was to reduce tension and conflict between law enforcement officers and the public, the second one was to use nonviolence means in keeping the peace, therefore the bobbies did not carry firearms, the third one was to relieve the military from certain duties, such as controlling urban violence, and the fourth one was to be judged on the absence of crime rather than through high-visibility of police actions. The out come of this was so successful that it was soon implemented in smaller towns in England and the United States there after. Following the American Revolution law enforcement nearly copied the English system. Constables, night watchmen, and sheriffs were appointed; the role of the sheriff was  law enforcement and the apprehension of criminals, serving warrants and subpoenas and maintaining the local jails. The sheriff’s responsibilities extended beyond law enforcement and it included collecting taxes and monitoring the system of cattle branding. American metropolitan areas began to form reactive patrol units. In 1833, Philadelphia became the first city to employ both day and night watchman, following that and working from Sir Robert Peel’s model, Boston formed the first organized police department, consisting o six full-time officers. As the history of police progressed in the United States you can divided police history into 3 different ears. Kelling and Moore (1991) describes the eras as, one; the Political Era, two; the Reform Era, and three; the Community Era. During the Political Era (1840-1930) many police officers saw their positions as opportunities to make extra income. Bribery was common; a police officer would request â€Å"favors† which went into the police officers pockets or into the coffers of the local political party as contributions. The Political Era also saw police officers taking an active role in providing social services for their bosses’. † (1) Politicians realized they can attract more votes by offering social services to citizens than b y arresting them. In 1929 President Herbert Hoover appointed the national Commission on Law Observance and Enforcement to assess the American criminal justice system. The Wickersham Commission was created and was named after its chairman, George Wickersham. The commission focused on two areas of American policing that was in need of reform: one; police brutality and two; the corrupting influence of politics. This was when the Reform Era came into existence. According to the commission â€Å"the reform should come about through higher personnel standards, centralized police administrations, and the increased use of technology† (2) During the Reform Era, police chiefs took more control over their departments, adding midlevel positions to the force. Police chiefs also tried to strengthen their power by bringing larger areas of a city under their control; this would not allow negative influences from politicians or neighborhoods. Finally, the Community Era in which we are currently in; the Omnibus Crime Control Act plays a major role, under this act the federal government provides state and local police departments with funds to create police-community programs. An example of a program is officer-friendly referral operations, this program encourage citizens to come to the police with their crime concerns. The primary function of the police is to continue to control crime while providing a broader range of social services some of the tactics they us can include foot patrol or public relations, this will allow the officer to interact with the community. Thus, to days police responsibilities include, one; to enforce laws, two; to provide service, three; to prevent crime, and four; to preserve the peace. Reference Law Enforcement in the 21st Century, Second Edition, by Heath B. Grant and Karen J. Terry. Chapter 2 1) Mark H. Haller, â€Å"Chicago Cops, 1890-1925,† in Thinking about Police, ed. Carl Klockars and Stephen Mastrofski (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1990),90. 2) William J. Bopp and Donald O. Shultz, A Short History of American Law Enforcement (Springfield, IL: Charles C Thomas, 1977), 109-110. Very nice job on the paper and you covered all of the points with excellence. Full credit of 5 points. On your references, do not number them, just put in alphabetical order.

3 Ways You Can Make an Impact at Your Internship

3 Ways You Can Make an Impact at Your Internship In many areas of the world- especially the United States- job title and status  are an incredibly important factor to  the way society perceives you. It’s not uncommon for your  job title to hold more influence and status than your actual job description.  As an intern myself, I can vouch for that.  I have had first-hand experience in having my hand held  and being treated as if I’m significantly less competent  by  people who have been out of college  for a mere 3 years. But here’s the thing: success is  all about perspective, goals, and influence. Making an impact has very little to do with title and a lot to do with influence. I can choose to be offended by the way people treat me because of my intern status, or I can shift my perspective, set goals for myself, and grow my influence.All you need to do is ask yourself how you can make an impact in your company as an intern. What is your goal at the end of your  internship? It could be as s imple as getting a full-time position or finding out if  you’re in  the field you truly want to be in. As long as you have a goal in mind, you can set sail and proceed in the right direction.There is no one-size-fits-all method to get there, of course, but here are 3 ways you can make an impact at your internship and begin growing your influence and professional career.1.  Visualize the results you wantvia [giphy.com]Think of it this way- if you’re going shopping and walk into a store with no list, you might spend an entire day searching for just a few things. If you walk into the store with a list, it might take half the time to get the same task  done.The same concept can applied to an internship. Once you have a list of things you want to accomplish, you can work at a more efficient pace. Sit down with a supervisor, manager, or even a coworker who has more experience and go over your responsibilities and how they relate to the goals of the company.At my inte rnship,  I am responsible with managing two blogs for our company, so I block out time in my calendar to meet with two different people in my marketing team in order to go over my progress, current goals, future goals, and responsibilities. I do this twice a week and it helps me align what I’m trying to accomplish for myself with what the company wants to  do.2.  Show you’re hungry and ready to learnvia [giphy.com]At my internship, I’m always brainstorming ideas- not because I have an agenda, but because I’m genuinely involved and I enjoy marketing. I try to make the best of my 8 hours.  In order to begin making an impact, it’s important to take a similar approach. Even so, you also have to do your best to be a team player and help those around you. When a miscellaneous assignment comes my way, even if I have a million things on my plate, I do my best to find some time to tackle it.Being a team player is important, and showing you can help serve the needs of others and the company are characteristics of an effective leader- which also ties into growing your influence.Don’t be insulted when you get bombarded with menial tasks. I used to feel the same way. Instead, think of it as an opportunity to showcase how responsible you are. It’s an opportunity for you to show your team you can be trusted. With trust comes more responsibility. It’s okay to have a little voice in the back of your head saying â€Å"you’re better than this† because that’s entirely true, but the people around you don’t know that yet, so show them!3.   Know the essence of your charactervia [giphy.com]Having strong work ethic is important. You need to attend meetings, complete projects, meet deadlines, and contribute to the company- but one thing that truly stands the test of time is the content of your character.  Are you honest? Are you trustworthy? Do you have empathy for your fellow man? These cha racteristics are important building blocks to authentically building your influence.Most people these days are tired of the stereotypical  bad guy CEO. Things are changing and the corporate world isn’t as cutthroat as it used to be.  People prefer working with someone who is a good person and doesn’t just look out for themselves.Disclaimervia [giphy.com]There is an important caveat  that you should take away from all of this- professional change isn’t something that will happen overnight. It  will take time. At first, it may not feel natural,  but over time it will become habitual. Focus on growing yourself professionally and becoming a better person.Remember, it’s about more than just the workplace. You have to focus on yourself outside of work as well. Take the time to become a better version of you.  Titles are reactive. Influence is proactive.

Analysis of Hatha Yoga Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Analysis of Hatha Yoga - Essay Example Methods Research refers to the process of collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and information with the agenda of solving a specific problem (Khan 132). This research, for instance, aims at answering the question on Yoga and how it is an intellectual and creative process that affects the mental, physical and spiritual well being of an individual. The research is also qualitative because it seeks to explore the nature of an issue. The first step of this research was formulating the research problem. This mainly aids researchers in clearly spelling out what they want to achieve from the research. In this step, the main challenge was determining the exact information that was relevant information in relation to the problem. This research mainly wants to shed light on the effect of Hatha Yoga on human beings physically, mentally, and spiritually. The study population for this research is primarily me and some other few participants whose participation were actually secondary. This is because mostly the research involves following online video instruction on Hatha Yoga exercises and postures. The phenomenon in the research is the relationship between Hatha Yoga and human beings mentally, physically, and spiritually. The most used research methods, in this case, are content analysis. Content analysis refers to a research technique for quantitative, systematic, and objective analysis of the actual content and internal concepts of media. This method was very important to this research since most of the data were collected from an online video source (YouTube). The advantage of the method is that it can allow both quantitative and qualitative analyses thus making it inclusive. The other research method that is probably in use in this research is an experimental research method. Given that watched the YouTube videos and learned the exercises and posture illustrated in them, the whole process can be referred to as an experiment. After learning all the Hatha Yo ga exercises and postures the noticeable changes are brought to the record. The main aim is observing how the activities will affect me physically, mentally, and spiritually. The results obtained through this method are always considered to be highly credible because they are based on primary data and information (McBurney and White 101). The literature review also formed an important part of this research. Since it involves a practice that I was not familiar with before, it was through the literature review that I was able to know the basics, history, and relevance of Hatha Yoga to human life. It was through the literature review that it was possible to get clarification on some concepts that were not clarified in the online videos. The literature review was also highly important in the collection of information that was used in the translation of the research’s finding. The research began with reviewing literature materials about the history of Yoga. The history was importa nt in understanding the fundamental concepts of Yoga and its purpose (Jackson 23).  Ã‚  

Spyware and Viruses Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

Spyware and Viruses - Term Paper Example Moreover, it can be used as a kind of adware, whereby the unsolicited pop-up ads are delivered by the software on top of tracking the behavior of the user. Characteristically, the software is installed when the owner is doing the installation of a kind of free software that they really needed (Parikka, 2007). When the software that is being installed by the user is completed, the spyware will attach itself to the installation and begin the collection of data from the activities of the user or the owner. The user of the computer can also be cheated or tricked into the installation of the software via a Trojan horse when it pretends to be piece of security software offered for free. The creators of spyware have been known for paying the developers of shareware to bundle their software with the authentic software and just repackaging the freeware as well as bundling it with their individual spyware (Parikka, 2007). Another way of spyware installation on an unaware computer user is drive-by downloading. Some of the earliest or first spyware did not do much than reporting to the creators every time the program was put to use. It was aimed at aiding marketing or even monitoring usage for the purposes of licensing. Although that is still happening, we find that a lot of nowadays is intended to steal private and valuable information such as the passwords and usernames for email accounts, bank sites, online games and social networking sites (Parikka, 2007). One might never be aware of the fact that they have malicious spyware on their computer, as it seems to operate in the background in a quiet manner and the explicit quality and functionality of the program might be very attractive. They are usually distributed as either ‘freeware’ or even ‘shareware’ with little or no license restrictions for the purposes of trapping as many individuals as possible. On

Future challenges Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Future challenges - Essay Example Information is quite crucial to an exporter or an importer. Information gives the status of shipments, the problems that may cause the shipment to delay etc. New competition looks at the consumer’s lead time, making the execution of orders to be within the required time. The new competition will improve the various management processes involving the customer. This is the relationship between a company and its consumers with information on products’ availability. A successful organization has to lay focus on building customer relationships for example positive treatments towards the customer, determining customer satisfaction in order to achieve company goals. Consumer demand will increase and be different in future after them gaining confidence in the company. Creation of a good relationship with the customers will be the determining factor for growth and expansion of the company. Competition has built a fragile environment for businesses operation. Therefore, need to maintain customers will be of importance to supply chain management. Due to intense competition, there will be requests by the customers to have a wide range of goods for example fresh products of good quality. Competition will impact the suppliers on cost consideration to the consumer. Due to the new competition, companies will provide good services, short lead time and good order execution. A good management of the all the function in the organization from engineering, manufacturing, procurement, marketing, and finance will ensure the reinventing of the supply chain. The authority of all the functions in the company to coordinate the activities well with autonomy will act as a way to reinvent the system (Harland 1996). The overall performance of the companies will emerge from the good coordination from all the functions to produce quality services. New competition will bring about reduced prices to favour the consumers. This will come up from the attempts by competing companies

Company Introduction, Market Segmentation, and Product Positioning Essay Example for Free

Company Introduction, Market Segmentation, and Product Positioning Essay The key to successful product implementation in today’s national enterprise system is the effective marketing of a new product with the company’s line of existing products. As stated by Lacobucci (2012), marketing is defined as an exchange between a company and its customers. The customer wants something from the company or firm and vice versa. In previous times, a company would manufacture a product they thought the customer would want or need. The customer purchased that product because of a pending need, which basically meant that marketing used to be product oriented. However, marketing today is more that an advertisement for goods and services in an attempt to attract new business. We live in a customer orientated and empowered marketing environment. We realize the importance and ramifications of having an exchange with our customers and developing a relationship with them. It is this exchange of information between our company and our existing as well as future customers that secures our position in our target market. Our company is a regional tool distributor located in the northeastern section of the United States. Our customer base consists of several major retailers, nationally known in the retail and wholesale tool industry. We used the brand label Blue Steel Tools for marketing and distribution of our products to discuss the implementation of an effective plan to market a new product line, the Illuminated Power Wrench. This paper will analyze market, identify our market segment for sales distribution and discuss the reasoning for the segment. Discussing the target market and why the targeted customers were specifically selected. We will do the SWOT analysis; describe the unique market position and the expected service provided in meeting the needs of the target audience. 1. Identify the marketing segment for the product and provide a rationale for this segment. The definition of a market segment as stated by Lacobucci (2012) is a group of customers that shares similar inclinations towards our brand. To define market segment further for our needs, it is an identifiable group of individuals, professionals or organizations that share one or more characteristics or needs in an otherwise homogenous market. In our case, our product will have a very wide market of consumers and small business owners and employees. Therefore we will need to reduce the market segments to larger chunks. Market segments generally respond in a predictable manner to a marketing or promotion offer. The market segment for the new product will vary widely due to the versatility of our product usage. Our main segment approach will focus on the wholesale distribution to retail repair supply stores who carry lines of tools for resale to the private and business consumer. These market segments will include businesses such as Lowes and Home Depot, retail tool distributors such as Harbor Freight Tools, automobile parts stores such as Advance Auto Parts and tool catalogue companies such as great Northern to name a few. As we analyze this segment we ask the question if this segment is viable and can we profit from using it. Other considerations are accessibility and measurability. This segment is small enough to manage our sales and distribution, but large enough to reach the ultimate user of our product. This market segment possesses the potential and versatility to sell and distribute our product to the target consumer market with a widely diversified audience in the retail industry. The bases for this segmentation include similar demographics, geographical locations, and psychological make-up of customers and behaviors of users/purchasers. In other words, the customer base for our segments meets the desired user of our end product. Anyone who builds or repairs something whether they are a novice or professional is a potential customer. Therefore, by using this method of market segmentation for product distribution, we will successfully sub-divide a large homogenous market into clear identifiable and manageable segments that have similar needs, wants or demand characteristics indicated by Lacobucci (2012). 2. Discuss the target market and provide rationale for this target market. The target market defined is the particular market segment at which a marketing campaign is focused. As stated earlier, this product has been designed for the retail tool industry. We have targeted segments in the industry that will be the most successful in reaching the consumer and generating a demand for our product through steady sales. Lacobucci stated the first perspective in assessing segments target is to have a view of the segments themselves and the primary concern is the segment be profitable. This in turn will become a profitability issue for our company as we continue to hold a place in the small tool market and generate profits with continued sales. The second perspective examined was if the market or segment fit with who we are. In this case the answer is yes. The ultimate target for this product is the consumer. The greater exposure we have, the higher propensity for sales growth. The illuminated ratchet screw driver is a quality tool for use by not only the novice home self repair person; it will also meet the needs of the professional repair person, no matter what the industry. The illumination system in the handle of the wrench will appeal to the vehicle mechanic working in the close quarters of an engine compartment, the electrician repairing the circuit breaker box, the computer repair technician working in between electronic circuitry as well as to the basic consumer performing handy maintenance projects. This tool will come with the standard wrench lugs and have availability to accessories such as wrench tips to enhance its versatility to meet the needs of a wider target audience. The wider target audience is customers of our targeted market segments. Therefore the target market is our pathway to the ultimate user of the product is consumer sales. The strategic sales objective of these retail establishments coincides with our strategic vision of reaching the ultimate user of our products, satisfying their needs and increasing the likelihood of additional product sales. 3. Perform a SWOT (strengths, weakness, opportunities and treats) for the company. As we move forward in the marketing of our product, we need to our own corporate strengths. Lacobucci (2012) suggests the use of a SWOT analysis in identifying our strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The strengths and weaknesses characterize our company in relation to competitors where the opportunities and threats characterize the broader environment such as the tool industry, suppliers, the government and etc. Our strengths are in our track record in t he tool industry. We have provided quality products at competitive prices. Another perceived strength is in the management of our company. The senior management of Steel City Tools has provided a strategic vision with clearly defined attainable goals for market position and sales. However a perceived threat is in the foreign market. A number of tool company’s efforts have been over shadowed with a cheaper duplication of products from foreign markets. The US has been plagued with a reduction in the manufacturing industry due to globalized markets, elimination of trade barriers and outsourcing. The end result is our market segment (distributor) could purchase a similar product cheaper and increase their gross margin and not purchase our product for resale. Another threat we are not prepared to react to is loss of a major distributing customer. With more and more businesses merging, we could lose a distribution source with no warning. One of our weaknesses is we have focused on sales east of the Mississippi, thus limiting market expansion. However, this could be turned around as a future opportunity for market expansion. An easy way to expand our market is to establish a retail division and use infomercials through the cable television network to accept mail order/telephone order select product sales such as our new illuminated power wrench. However, a marketing effort of this nature would require careful consideration must be given to the geographical area so as not to alienate our primary segment customers. A move of this nature would require additional capital investment and careful analysis of this type of expansion would be necessary to minimize risk of project failure. The SWOT is useful in clarifying our marketing questions. The key is to address our shortcomings so as not to give the competition an upper hand and not raise concerns with our customers and capitalize on our strengths for continued success. 4. Create the market position for your product and service. Explain your rationale. Product positioning, according to the Encyclopedia of Business, involves the tailoring the entire marketing program to include product features, distribution, price, quality and service to meet the needs of the consumer within the specific market segment. In this manner, the product positioning is part of the overall market segmentation. Product position takes place in our distributors store, or target market segment and tells us how we can strive most effectively in that market segment against our competition which are also present on display. The key is to understand the consumer perceptions of the product and the marketing behind it. Quality, reliability, affordability, unique features, benefits to the customer is just a few attributes of product positioning. According to Lacobucci (2012) positioning is often about modifying the four P’s of marketing (position, price, place and promotion). In the case of our company, our reputation is a reflection of the position to provide a quality product at a competitive price while leading the market in innovation. Our company performance is attributed to the quality of our employment staff. Our employees are at the core to our success. We have established core values for our company’s work force by creating a positive work culture with recognition of the whole person concept. The strategic leadership from the top on down to the employee fosters productivity with reward and recognition to enhance their performance in support of the company operations to include our marketing efforts. Thus the positive and proactive personality of our company in meeting its marketing objectives is a direct reflection of the quality of every member of the Blue Steel Tool Team. As we continue to grow and develop products for sale, we position our products at a distribution sales point or market segment with the greatest customer exposure for maximum market penetration. We will service our product to the satisfaction and benefit of the customer so as not to jeopardize customer confidence as well as the business relationship with our market segment. The product we create and the service we provide are a direct reflection of not only our company, but that of our distributors. Our products are designed to meet the working needs of our professional as well as consumer clientele with a level of quality that meet or exceed expectations at the best value. References Lacobucci, D. (2012) Marketing Management: 2012 custom edition. Mason OH Market Segment Defined Retrieved from http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/market-segment. html Morley R. (2006), Trumpet Print Edition: The Death of American Manufacturing, February 2006 Retrieved from http://www. thetrumpet. com/index. php? page=articleid=1955 Reference for Business Product Positioning: Encyclopedia of Business, 2nd ed. Retrieved from http://www. referenceforbusiness. com/small/Op-Qu/Product-Positioning. html Target Market Defined retrieved from http://www. businessdictionary. com/definition/target-market. html

Always Be Closing :: Essays Papers

Always Be Closing Preceding the Play, David Mamet includes the phrase "Always Be Closing," and he titles it a "Practical Sales Maxim." In this essay, I will discuss how this philosophy not only applied to the sales attempts of the characters, but how it encompassed their entire approach to life. In the first dialogue of the play, Shelly Levene is speaking to John Williamson. He tells John, "All I am saying, that your wasting leads†¦All that I'm saying, things get set, I know they do, you get a mindset†¦A guy gets a reputation†¦All I'm saying, put a closer on the job†¦wait a second, put a proven man on the job." Shelly is talking about the fact that the good leads always go to the closers. Shelly does not think this is a fair practice. He believes that everyone could be a closer if only they could get the good leads. In the end of this dialogue he misstates himself and says, "put a closer on the job." This statement, which he quickly corrects, shows that Shelly is trying to make his past achievements relevant to the present. He used to be a closer but he is not anymore. For Shelly Levene, the phrase, "Always be closing", is a reminder of what he used to be. He was on top "eight months out of twelve, for three years in a row." He was immersed in his work, and he was the best. Then his streak ended and he fell from his throne. His driving force now is the idea that he can regain his place at the top. If only he could get the good leads, which ironically he cannot, because he isn't a closer. Although it was never stated as such, I got the idea that there was a problem with his daughter. He kept referring to her, but nothing was ever established as to the role she played in his life. I believe Shelly Levene was willing to sacrifice whatever relationship he had with his daughter in order to continue his quest to be great again. Richard Roma is in the place that Shelly Levene used to occupy. He is on top because he closes the deal. He is, now, involved in a sales promotion to win a Cadillac. He not only will win the Cadillac, he will also win the coveted Glengarry leads.